Lima, Peru – July 24, 2026 – In a significant development for the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) across the region, Peru has solidified its position as a frontrunner in AI governance. A comprehensive report, "The New Regulatory Map of Artificial Intelligence in Latin America," published by Deloitte, highlights Peru’s proactive approach, contrasting it with the nascent stages of AI regulation in many of its Latin American counterparts. While most nations are still grappling with draft legislation and national strategies, Peru has already established a concrete and operational regulatory framework designed to guide the responsible development and adoption of this transformative technology.
This distinction is attributed to Peru’s pioneering legislative actions, most notably the promulgation of Law No. 31814 in July 2023. This landmark legislation was specifically designed to harness the power of AI for the betterment of the nation’s economic and social progress. Further strengthening this foundation, Peru enacted Supreme Decree 115-2025-PCM in September 2025. This decree serves as the crucial implementing regulation, detailing the mechanisms for the institutional deployment of AI, ensuring its integration aligns with national objectives and ethical considerations.
The Peruvian regulatory framework is built upon a set of core principles aimed at fostering technological innovation, encouraging the responsible integration of AI, and crucially, safeguarding citizens from potential risks inherent in advanced AI systems. Central to this approach is the explicit recognition of privacy as a guiding principle, alongside the establishment of robust oversight and governance mechanisms for the deployment of AI systems. The Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros (PCM), through its Secretariat of Government and Digital Transformation, is spearheading the coordination and implementation of this national AI strategy, underscoring a high-level commitment to navigating the AI revolution with foresight and responsibility.
Luis Talledo, Enterprise Technology Partner at Deloitte Peru, emphasized the significance of this proactive stance. "Peru has become a regional benchmark by moving beyond mere principles and strategies to establish a concrete regulatory framework," Talledo stated. "This provides much-needed certainty for organizations integrating AI into their operations and strengthens trust within the digital ecosystem."
Peru’s Regulatory Milestones: A Timeline of Proactive Governance
Peru’s journey towards robust AI governance is characterized by deliberate and timely legislative action, setting it apart in a region where regulatory frameworks are still largely in their formative stages. The key milestones underscore a strategic vision for AI integration:
- July 2023: Promulgation of Law No. 31814: This foundational law set the stage for Peru’s AI ambitions, laying down the initial principles and objectives for AI development and application within the country. Its focus on leveraging AI for economic and social advancement signaled a forward-thinking approach to technological adoption.
- September 2025: Implementation of Supreme Decree 115-2025-PCM: This decree provided the essential regulatory teeth to Law No. 31814. It meticulously outlined the operational guidelines, institutional responsibilities, and mechanisms for the practical implementation of AI governance. This step was crucial in translating legislative intent into tangible action, ensuring a structured and controlled rollout of AI technologies across various sectors.
- Ongoing: Coordinated National Strategy: The Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros (PCM), via its Secretariat of Government and Digital Transformation, continues to lead the charge in orchestrating Peru’s national AI strategy. This involves continuous dialogue, policy refinement, and the establishment of inter-agency collaborations to ensure a cohesive and effective national approach to AI.
This chronological progression reveals a nation that has not only recognized the potential of AI but has also strategically invested in creating the necessary legal and institutional infrastructure to manage its integration responsibly.
The Latin American AI Regulatory Landscape: A Comparative Analysis
Deloitte’s report, "The New Regulatory Map of Artificial Intelligence in Latin America," paints a dynamic picture of the region’s evolving approach to AI governance. While a general trend towards more structured regulatory schemes is evident, the pace and depth of progress vary significantly across nations.
Peru and El Salvador stand out as the sole countries in Latin America with fully enacted and operational specific AI legislation. This places them at the forefront of regional regulatory maturity. In stark contrast, major economies such as Brazil, Colombia, Chile, and Mexico are still in various stages of legislative development. Their efforts largely revolve around debating draft laws and legislative initiatives that are yet to be finalized or enacted.
Comparative Regional Progress:
- Brazil: While still in the legislative process, Brazil has made significant strides with its Legislative Project 2338/2023, which has already received approval from the Senate. This indicates a strong intent to establish a comprehensive AI regulatory framework in one of the region’s largest economies.
- Colombia: Colombia is actively engaged in its legislative journey, with Legislative Project 043 of 2025 in the Senate and Legislative Project 324 of 2025 in the Chamber of Representatives currently under consideration. This dual-track approach highlights a thorough examination of AI’s regulatory needs.
- Chile: Chile continues to advance its legislative process for AI systems, demonstrating a commitment to developing tailored regulations that address the unique challenges and opportunities presented by AI.
- Mexico: Mexico has recently put forth a proposal aimed at establishing a national authority specifically dedicated to artificial intelligence. This move signifies a desire for centralized expertise and oversight in managing AI’s complex landscape.
Within this diverse regional context, Peru’s established legal and institutional framework represents one of the most advanced examples of regulatory institutionalization. It effectively mirrors the broader transition occurring across Latin America – a shift from strategic initiatives and ethical principles towards legally binding frameworks with tangible enforcement capabilities.
Supporting Data and Key Regulatory Pillars in Peru
The effectiveness of Peru’s AI governance model is underpinned by specific legislative provisions and a clear institutional architecture. The report details how the Peruvian framework addresses critical aspects of AI deployment:
Core Principles of Peruvian AI Regulation:
- Innovation and Economic/Social Development: Law No. 31814 explicitly prioritizes the use of AI to drive economic growth and improve social well-being. This is a foundational tenet, ensuring that regulation serves to enable, not stifle, progress.
- Responsible Adoption: The framework emphasizes mechanisms to ensure AI technologies are integrated into society and the economy in a manner that is both ethical and beneficial, mitigating potential negative externalities.
- Citizen Protection: A paramount concern of the Peruvian legislation is the safeguarding of citizens from any adverse effects or risks associated with AI systems. This includes provisions for transparency, accountability, and recourse in case of harm.
- Privacy as a Guiding Principle: The explicit recognition of privacy as a fundamental right within the AI regulatory context is a cornerstone of the Peruvian approach. This aligns with global data protection standards and ensures that personal information is handled with the utmost care.
- Supervision and Governance Mechanisms: The regulatory framework establishes clear lines of authority and operational protocols for the oversight and governance of AI systems. This includes defining roles and responsibilities for various stakeholders.
Institutional Coordination:
The Secretariat of Government and Digital Transformation within the Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros (PCM) plays a pivotal role. This entity is responsible for:
- Leading the National AI Strategy: Developing and executing a coherent and comprehensive national strategy for AI.
- Inter-Agency Coordination: Facilitating collaboration and communication among different government ministries and agencies involved in AI-related policy and implementation.
- Monitoring and Evaluation: Overseeing the implementation of AI regulations and assessing their impact.
- Promoting Best Practices: Encouraging the adoption of responsible AI practices across public and private sectors.
This centralized coordination ensures a unified approach, preventing fragmentation and fostering efficient implementation of AI policies.
Official Responses and Expert Endorsements
The significance of Peru’s proactive stance on AI governance has been met with positive reception from both domestic stakeholders and international observers. The Deloitte report serves as an independent validation of Peru’s strategic foresight.
Luis Talledo, from Deloitte Peru, articulated this sentiment further: "Peru’s experience demonstrates that it is possible to foster technological innovation while simultaneously building robust governance and protection mechanisms for citizens. This balance will become increasingly critical as AI gains greater prominence in our economy and public services." His statement underscores the dual imperative of embracing AI’s potential while managing its inherent risks, a balance Peru appears to have struck effectively.
The Peruvian government, through its relevant ministries and the PCM, has consistently highlighted its commitment to responsible AI development. Official statements have often emphasized the need for a regulatory framework that fosters trust, ensures ethical deployment, and maximizes the benefits of AI for all segments of society. The rapid enactment of laws and decrees reflects a clear political will to lead in this domain.
The approach taken by Peru is not merely an internal policy decision; it aligns with global trends in AI regulation. The report notes that Peru’s model is consistent with the growing international emphasis on risk-based approaches to AI governance. This means that regulatory efforts are often tailored to the potential impact and risk level of specific AI applications, with a focus on transparency, data protection, and accountability as central tenets for ensuring safe and responsible adoption.
Implications for Peru and the Wider Region
Peru’s pioneering role in AI governance carries significant implications, both for its own trajectory and for the broader Latin American region.
For Peru:
- Enhanced Trust and Investment: A clear and robust regulatory framework fosters greater trust among businesses, researchers, and the public. This certainty can attract foreign investment in AI-driven industries and encourage domestic innovation.
- Responsible AI Deployment: The established governance structures ensure that AI technologies are implemented in a manner that prioritizes ethical considerations, citizen rights, and societal well-being, mitigating risks of bias, discrimination, and privacy violations.
- Economic Competitiveness: By proactively shaping the AI landscape, Peru positions itself to harness the economic benefits of AI more effectively, potentially leading to increased productivity, new job opportunities, and enhanced global competitiveness.
- Digital Transformation Leadership: Peru’s success in this area can serve as a model for other government initiatives aimed at digital transformation, demonstrating a capacity for agile and forward-thinking policy-making.
For Latin America:
- A Regional Blueprint: Peru’s established regulatory framework provides a valuable blueprint for other Latin American countries. The lessons learned from its implementation can inform and accelerate the development of similar frameworks elsewhere, fostering regional harmonization.
- Collaborative Innovation: A common understanding and approach to AI governance can facilitate greater regional collaboration in AI research, development, and deployment, creating economies of scale and shared expertise.
- Elevated Regional Standing: As a bloc, Latin America can enhance its standing in the global AI arena by demonstrating a unified and responsible approach to AI governance, attracting international partnerships and investments.
- Addressing Shared Challenges: By developing common regulatory principles, the region can more effectively address shared challenges such as data privacy, cybersecurity, and the ethical implications of AI across borders.
On this International Day of Artificial Intelligence, Peru’s journey exemplifies how a region can begin to solidify more robust governance models for AI. By effectively managing the risks associated with privacy, algorithmic bias, and the protection of fundamental rights, while simultaneously capitalizing on the immense benefits offered by this transformative technology, Peru is not just navigating the AI revolution; it is actively shaping it for a more secure and prosperous future. The nation’s proactive legislative and institutional approach offers a compelling case study for the global discourse on responsible AI development.
For further insights, the full report, "The New Regulatory Map of Artificial Intelligence in Latin America," can be accessed on the Deloitte Latam website.
